Andorra Flag

The national flag of Andorra is a distinctive vertical tricolor of blue, yellow, and red. Its most prominent feature is the national coat of arms centered on the middle yellow stripe. This design elegantly represents the nation's unique political history and its geographical position in the Pyrenees mountains.

The flag's proportions are 7:10, making it slightly more square than many other national flags. The coat of arms is a complex heraldic device that incorporates symbols from the historical co-princes of Andorra. The specific shades of blue and red are defined by law, though they are often seen in a medium blue and a standard red.

As a heraldic banner, the flag's design is governed by strict specifications to ensure correct representation. It is one of the few national flags to prominently feature a detailed coat of arms on a tricolor background, setting it apart from simpler triband designs.

The tricolor fields are derived from the flags of Andorra's two historical protectors: blue and red from France, and yellow and red from Spain. This combination symbolizes the unique co-principality and the nation's balanced relationship with its powerful neighbors.

The central coat of arms is rich with symbolism. It features the mitre and crozier of the Bishop of Urgell, the three red pales of the Counts of Foix, the four red poles of Catalonia, and the two cows of Béarn. The motto at the bottom, "Virtus Unita Fortior" (United Virtue is Stronger), underscores national unity. The shield is supported by historical symbols of the co-princes, cementing its role as a summary of Andorran governance and history.

The current flag was officially adopted in 1866, though its use became more standardized in the early 20th century. Its design is based on the vertical tricolor used since the reign of Napoleon III, reflecting French influence. The inclusion of the coat of arms has been a consistent element, though its precise design was formally codified later.

The flag's status was solidified with the country's first constitution in 1993, which formally defined Andorra as a sovereign parliamentary co-principality. The specific shades and proportions of the flag are detailed in official state regulations, ensuring its consistent presentation as a national symbol.